Adjacency Matrix Calculator - Convert between adjacency matrix, edge list, and adjacency list. Auto-detects directed/undirected graphs, computes degree sequence, density, connected components, and matrix powers — with an interactive SVG graph visualization. New

Antilog Calculator - Calculate the antilogarithm (antilog) of any number with any base. Features step-by-step calculation, interactive visualization, base comparison chart, and comprehensive explanations of logarithmic functions.

Beta Function Calculator - Calculate the beta function B(x, y) with step-by-step calculations, gamma function relationship, interactive visualization, and detailed mathematical explanations.

Binomial Coefficient Calculator - Calculate binomial coefficients C(n, k) with step-by-step solutions, Pascal's triangle visualization, and real-world probability applications.

Binomial Probability Distribution Calculator - Calculate binomial probabilities P(X=k), cumulative probabilities P(X≤k), P(X≥k), with interactive PMF/CDF charts, step-by-step solutions, and complete distribution tables.

Bitwise Calculator - Perform bitwise operations (AND, OR, XOR, NOT) and bit shift operations on integers with interactive visual bit diagrams showing each bit position. Featured

Boolean Algebra Simplifier - Simplify Boolean expressions using algebraic laws, Quine-McCluskey, and Karnaugh map minimization. Enter any logic expression (AND, OR, NOT, XOR, NAND, NOR) and instantly get the minimal SOP/POS form, full truth table, K-map visualization, gate diagram, step-by-step law applications, and NAND/NOR-only equivalents. New

Central Limit Theorem Calculator - Calculate probabilities using the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) with interactive visualizations, step-by-step solutions, and Z-score calculations for sample means.

Chinese Remainder Theorem Calculator - Solve systems of simultaneous congruences using the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). Find the smallest x satisfying multiple modular equations with step-by-step Extended Euclidean Algorithm breakdown, interactive number line visualization, and verification. New

Combination Calculator - Calculate combinations C(n,k) with step-by-step solutions, Pascal's Triangle visualization, interactive diagrams, and detailed formula breakdowns for combinatorics problems.

Complementary Error Function Calculator - Calculate the complementary error function erfc(x) with interactive visualization, step-by-step solution, and comprehensive erfc table for values from -3 to 3.

Complex Number Calculator - Perform operations with complex numbers: add, subtract, multiply, divide, convert forms, calculate modulus, argument, conjugate, powers and roots with detailed step-by-step solutions and interactive complex plane visualization.

Continued Fraction Calculator - Convert any decimal, fraction, or square root to its continued fraction representation with convergents, step-by-step Euclidean algorithm, and interactive visualization. New

Derangement (Subfactorial) Calculator - Calculate the number of derangements (subfactorial !n) for n elements where no element appears in its original position. Features step-by-step inclusion-exclusion formula, interactive visualization, derangement table, and probability analysis. New

Dijkstra's Shortest Path Calculator - Find the shortest path between nodes in a weighted graph using Dijkstra's algorithm. Features interactive graph visualization, step-by-step priority queue trace, and shortest path tree display. New

Entropy Calculator - Calculate Shannon entropy of probability distributions with step-by-step formulas, interactive visualizations, entropy classification, and educational insights for information theory analysis.

Error Function Calculator - Calculate the error function erf(x), complementary error function erfc(x), and inverse error function with interactive Gaussian curve visualization, step-by-step explanations, and comprehensive analysis for statistics and probability.

Euler's Totient Function Calculator - Calculate Euler's totient function φ(n) with step-by-step prime factorization, interactive coprime number grid, and detailed analysis. Essential for RSA cryptography, modular arithmetic, and number theory. New

Exponential Decay Calculator - Calculate exponential decay with interactive visualizations, half-life computation, decay constant, and step-by-step solutions. Solve for initial amount, final amount, decay rate, or time.

Exponential Growth Calculator - Calculate exponential growth and decay with step-by-step solutions, interactive growth curve visualization, and high-precision results for population, investment, and scientific modeling.

Exponential Integral Calculator - Calculate the exponential integral Ei(x) with high precision, interactive visualization, and detailed step-by-step mathematical derivation.

Exponents Calculator - Calculate exponents (powers) with high precision. Supports fractional exponents, negative exponents, and provides detailed step-by-step solutions with visual explanations and exponent rule demonstrations.

Extended Euclidean Algorithm Calculator - Calculate the GCD of two integers and find Bézout coefficients using the Extended Euclidean Algorithm, with step-by-step table, back-substitution, and modular inverse. New

Factorial Calculator - Calculate the factorial of any non-negative integer (n!) with step-by-step expansion, scientific notation for large numbers, digit count analysis, and factorial growth visualization. Supports values up to 1 million.

Gamma Function Calculator - Calculate the Gamma function with step-by-step solutions, interactive graphs, and factorial comparison tables. Supports both positive and negative real numbers.

Golden Ratio Calculator - Calculate golden ratio proportions from any number. Generate phi-based sequences, find complementary segments, golden rectangle dimensions, and explore the divine proportion with step-by-step calculations and visualizations.

Graph Coloring Calculator - Find the chromatic number and a valid vertex coloring for any undirected graph. Enter edges or an adjacency list, and get the minimum number of colors, a color assignment, animated DSATUR step-by-step solution, and an interactive SVG graph visualization. New

Graph Degree Sequence Validator - Use the Havel-Hakimi algorithm to determine if a given sequence of numbers can form a simple, undirected graph. Features animated step-by-step visualization, adjacency matrix, and a sample graph rendering. New

Group Theory Order Calculator - Compute the order of every element in a finite group, check whether the group is abelian or cyclic, render the Cayley table as a color-coded heatmap, and visualize the subgroup lattice as a Hasse diagram. Supports cyclic Z_n, direct products Z_m x Z_n, dihedral D_n, and symmetric S_n. New

Half Life Calculator - Calculate half-life, initial quantity, remaining quantity, or elapsed time in exponential decay with interactive decay curve visualization, step-by-step formulas, and preset isotope values.

Hamiltonian Path Checker - Check whether a graph contains a Hamiltonian path or Hamiltonian cycle. Runs backtracking with Warnsdorff pruning, verifies connectivity and degree prerequisites, tests Dirac and Ore sufficient conditions, and shows the witness path on an animated SVG visualization. New

Inclusion-Exclusion Calculator - Compute the size of a union of up to 5 sets using the inclusion–exclusion principle. Enter raw elements or cardinalities of every intersection — get the signed expansion, a live Venn-diagram visualization, and the size of every disjoint region. New

Karnaugh Map (K-Map) Solver - Minimize Boolean logic functions using Karnaugh maps. Enter minterms, maxterms, or toggle a truth table — get the simplified Sum-of-Products (SOP) or Product-of-Sums (POS) expression with color-coded grouping visualization, prime implicants, essential prime implicants, and step-by-step Quine-McCluskey solution. New

Linear Programming Solver - Solve linear programming problems online using the simplex method. Supports maximize or minimize objectives, mixed ≤/≥/= constraints, up to 8 decision variables, and for 2-variable LPs shows an interactive feasible-region plot with every vertex and the optimum highlighted. New

Markov Chain Steady State Calculator - Calculate the steady-state (stationary) distribution of a Markov chain from its transition matrix. Includes interactive state diagram, convergence visualization, step-by-step solution, and power iteration analysis. New

Minimum Spanning Tree Calculator - Calculate the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) of a weighted graph using Kruskal's or Prim's algorithm. Features interactive graph visualization, step-by-step algorithm trace, and edge selection animation. New

Modular Exponentiation Calculator - Calculate modular exponentiation a^b mod n efficiently using the binary exponentiation (fast power) algorithm. Enter the base, exponent, and modulus to get instant results with a step-by-step breakdown of the squaring-and-multiply method, binary decomposition visualization, and cryptographic context. New

Modular Multiplicative Inverse Calculator - Calculate the modular multiplicative inverse of an integer a under modulo m using the Extended Euclidean Algorithm, with step-by-step table, verification, and clock visualization. New

Negative Binomial Distribution Calculator - Calculate negative binomial distribution probabilities for modeling the number of trials or failures needed to achieve a target number of successes. Get exact PMF, CDF, step-by-step solutions, interactive charts, and trial sequence visualizations. New

Network Flow Calculator (Max Flow) - Compute the maximum flow from source to sink in a capacitated directed network using the Ford-Fulkerson method (Edmonds-Karp). Animates every augmenting path, shows residual capacities, saturated edges, and the min-cut partition that proves optimality. New

Percent Growth Rate Calculator - Calculate percent growth rate with multiple methods: simple growth, compound annual growth rate (CAGR), and average growth rate. Features interactive visualizations, year-by-year analysis, and detailed step-by-step calculations. Featured

Permutation Calculator - Calculate permutations P(n,r) with step-by-step solutions, visual explanations, formula breakdown, and practical examples. Find how many ways to arrange r items from n total items where order matters.

Permutations with Repetition Calculator - Calculate the number of permutations with repetition (ordered arrangements with replacement) using the formula n^r. Enter the number of items and positions to get instant results with step-by-step solutions, slot-machine visualizations, comparisons to other counting methods, and real-world examples like passwords, PIN codes, and license plates. New

Pigeonhole Principle Calculator - Calculate the minimum number of items guaranteed to share a container using the pigeonhole principle. Includes interactive visualization, step-by-step proof, generalized analysis, and real-world examples. New

Planar Graph Checker - Check whether a graph is planar (drawable without edge crossings) using Kuratowski's theorem. Detects K5 and K3,3 subdivisions, verifies Euler's inequality m ≤ 3n − 6, and highlights the forbidden minor visually when the graph is non-planar. New

Poisson Distribution Calculator - Calculate Poisson probabilities P(X=k), cumulative probabilities, and visualize PMF/CDF distributions with detailed step-by-step solutions.

Polynomial Roots Calculator - Calculate the roots of polynomial equations up to degree 4 with detailed step-by-step solutions, interactive graph visualization, and root analysis. Supports linear, quadratic, cubic, and quartic equations.

Primitive Root Calculator - Find all primitive roots of a given modulus n — generators of the multiplicative group (Z/nZ)*. Enter any positive integer to get primitive roots, Euler's totient, cyclic group visualization, and a step-by-step verification with power tables. New

Probability Calculator - Calculate probabilities of events using addition rule, conditional probability, and Bayes' theorem with interactive Venn diagrams and step-by-step solutions.

Probability Distribution Calculator - Calculate probabilities, cumulative distributions (CDF), and quantiles for Normal, Binomial, Poisson, Exponential, Uniform, Chi-Square, and Student's t distributions with step-by-step solutions and interactive visualizations.

Proportion Calculator - Solve proportion problems and find missing values with detailed step-by-step solutions, interactive visual diagrams, and comprehensive explanations of proportion relationships.

Quadratic Formula Calculator - Solve quadratic equations using the quadratic formula with step-by-step solutions, discriminant analysis, vertex form conversion, and interactive parabola visualization.

Ring and Field Calculator - Compute addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, inverses, and powers in modular rings Z_n and Galois finite fields GF(p^k). Visualise Cayley tables, classify units, zero divisors, nilpotents, and idempotents, and inspect the multiplicative group structure. New

Rounding Calculator - Round numbers to decimal places, significant figures, or nearest value. Compare 6 rounding methods side by side with visual number line and step-by-step explanations. New

Scientific Calculator - A full-featured online scientific calculator with trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, factorial, and other advanced mathematical functions. Supports degree and radian modes, memory functions, calculation history, and keyboard input.

Scientific Notation Calculator - Convert numbers to scientific notation, perform arithmetic operations (+, -, ×, ÷), compare values, and visualize results with step-by-step explanations and interactive diagrams.

Set Theory Calculator - Perform set operations including Union (A ∪ B), Intersection (A ∩ B), Difference (A − B), Symmetric Difference (A ∆ B), Cartesian Product (A × B), Power Set, and Complement. Visualize with interactive Venn diagrams. New

Significant Figures Calculator - Round numbers to significant figures, count sig figs with digit-by-digit analysis, and perform arithmetic with proper significant figure rules. New

Stable Marriage Problem Solver - Solve the stable marriage / stable matching problem using the Gale-Shapley algorithm. Paste ranked preference lists for two equally-sized groups and get the guaranteed-stable pairing, with an animated proposal-by-proposal trace, satisfaction statistics, blocking-pair verification, and an interactive bipartite visualization. New

Stirling Numbers Calculator - Calculate Stirling numbers of the First Kind (unsigned, permutations into cycles) and Second Kind (set partitions into non-empty subsets). Features interactive triangle visualization, step-by-step recurrence derivation, full triangle tables, and combinatorial interpretations. New

Sum of Cubes Calculator - Calculate the sum of consecutive cubes from n₁³ to n₂³ with step-by-step formula breakdown, visual cube representation, and mathematical analysis. Perfect for algebra, calculus, and number theory studies.

Sum of Positive Integers Calculator - Calculate the sum of consecutive positive integers using the elegant Gauss summation formula. Features step-by-step calculation breakdown, visual pairing diagrams, and educational insights into arithmetic sequences. Featured

Sum of Squares Calculator - Calculate the sum of consecutive square numbers (1² + 2² + ... + n²) with step-by-step formulas, interactive charts, and visual geometric representations.

Topological Sort Calculator - Compute a topological ordering of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) using Kahn's algorithm or DFS. Detects cycles, reports the cycle path, builds a parallel-execution layer view, supports lexicographically smallest ordering, and animates each step on an interactive graph. New

Traveling Salesman Solver (TSP) - Find the shortest tour that visits every city exactly once and returns to the start. Exact dynamic programming (Held-Karp) for small instances and nearest-neighbor + 2-opt heuristics for larger ones. Accepts coordinates or a distance matrix and renders an animated SVG tour. New

Truth Table Generator - Generate truth tables for any boolean logic expression. Supports AND, OR, NOT, XOR, NAND, NOR, XNOR, and conditional operators. Visualize logic gates with animated evaluation. New

Venn Diagram Generator (3 Sets) - Generate interactive Venn diagrams for three sets. Enter set elements or region values, customize colors, and download as PNG or SVG. Visualize unions, intersections, and differences instantly. New