Combination Calculator

MiniWebtool’s Combination Calculator counts ways to choose k items from n when order is irrelevant. Enter the two values to see C(n, k), its factorial calculation, and a Pascal’s triangle visualization.

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Pick 2 of 5: ordered pairs ÷ orders, C(5, 2) = 5·4 / 2! = 10

Enter n and k below to get the number of combinations C(n, k), with the formula steps and Pascal's triangle.

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Combination Result

C(20, 3)

1,140

There are 1,140 ways to choose 3 items from 20 items

n (Total)

k (Choose)

n - k

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Identify the Values

We need to calculate C(20, 3), which represents the number of ways to choose 3 items from 20 items without regard to order.

n (total items) = 20
k (items to choose) = 3
n - k = 17

Step 2: Apply the Combination Formula

$$C(n, k) = \binom{n}{k} = \frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!}$$

This formula calculates how many different groups of k items can be selected from n items, where the order of selection does not matter.

Step 3: Substitute the Values

$$C(20, 3) = \frac{20!}{3! \times (20-3)!} = \frac{20!}{3! \times 17!}$$

Step 4: Calculate the Factorials

20! = 2,432,902,008,176,640,000
3! = 6
17! = 355,687,428,096,000

Step 5: Compute the Result

$$C(20, 3) = \mathbf{1,140}$$

There are 1,140 different ways to choose 3 items from 20 items.

Real-World Applications

Triangles: From 20 non-collinear points, you can form 1,140 unique triangles.

Lottery: Choosing 3 numbers from 20 gives 1,140 possible combinations.

About Combination Calculator

Welcome to the Combination Calculator, a comprehensive tool for calculating combinations C(n,k) with step-by-step solutions, Pascal's Triangle visualization, and interactive diagrams. Whether you are solving probability problems, studying combinatorics, calculating lottery odds, or working on counting problems, this calculator provides detailed explanations and visual representations to help you understand the mathematics behind combinations.

At a Glance

Combination Calculator counts the ways to choose k items from n when order does not matter. It shows C(n, k) with the factorial working and a Pascal's triangle diagram.

Combination Calculator: features at a glance
Feature	What you get	Good for
C(n, k) result	Enter n up to 170 and k no larger than n. The result is shown with thousands separators.	Counting committees, hands or selections from a group
Formula steps	A step-by-step breakdown of C(n, k) = n! / (k!(n-k)!).	Checking a combinatorics answer by hand
Pascal's triangle	Drawn for n up to 12, with the row for your n showing C(n, 0) through C(n, n).	Seeing how combinations relate to neighboring rows
Combination list	For small results, all possible combinations are listed.	Viewing the actual groups behind a small count
Preset buttons	Quick presets load common combination problems.	Trying typical examples before entering your own numbers
Worked applications	Real-world examples, such as the 13,983,816 possible tickets in a 6/49 lottery and 2,598,960 five-card poker hands.	Probability and lottery odds problems

What is a Combination?

A combination is a selection of items from a larger set where the order of selection does not matter. It answers the question: "In how many ways can I choose k items from n items?"

For example, if you want to choose 3 students from a class of 10 to form a committee, the combination C(10,3) = 120 tells you there are 120 different possible committees. The order in which you select the students doesn't matter - selecting Alice, Bob, then Carol gives the same committee as selecting Carol, Alice, then Bob.

The Combination Formula

Combination Formula

$$C(n, k) = \binom{n}{k} = \frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!}$$

Where:

n = Total number of items in the set
k = Number of items to choose
n! = Factorial of n (product of all positive integers from 1 to n)
C(n,k) = Number of possible combinations (also written as _nC_k or "n choose k")

Combinations vs Permutations

The key difference between combinations and permutations is whether order matters:

Combination Calculator: Combinations vs Permutations
Aspect	Combination	Permutation
Order	Does NOT matter	DOES matter
Example	{A, B, C} = {C, B, A}	ABC ≠ CBA
Formula	n! / (k!(n-k)!)	n! / (n-k)!
Use Case	Selecting committee members	Arranging race finishers

For the same n and k values, permutations always yield larger results because they count each group multiple times (once for each possible ordering).

Pascal's Triangle

Pascal's Triangle is a triangular array of numbers where each number is the sum of the two numbers directly above it. The triangle provides a visual way to find combination values:

Row n contains all values C(n, 0), C(n, 1), ..., C(n, n)
The first and last numbers in each row are always 1
C(n, k) = C(n, n-k) - the triangle is symmetric

For example, row 5 of Pascal's Triangle shows: 1, 5, 10, 10, 5, 1, corresponding to C(5,0), C(5,1), C(5,2), C(5,3), C(5,4), C(5,5).

How to Use This Calculator

Enter n (total items): Input the total number of items in your set. The maximum value is 170.
Enter k (items to choose): Input how many items you want to select. This must be less than or equal to n.
Click Calculate: The calculator will compute C(n,k) and display:
- The final result with thousands separators for readability
- Step-by-step calculation breakdown
- Pascal's Triangle visualization (for n ≤ 12)
- All possible combinations listed (for small results)
- Real-world application examples
Try preset values: Use the quick preset buttons to explore common combination problems.

Real-World Applications

Lottery and Gambling

Combinations are essential for calculating lottery odds. For a 6/49 lottery (choosing 6 numbers from 49), C(49,6) = 13,983,816 possible combinations, giving odds of about 1 in 14 million.

Probability and Statistics

The binomial probability formula uses combinations: P(X = k) = C(n,k) × p^k × (1-p)^(n-k), where p is the probability of success in a single trial.

Team Selection

When selecting a committee of 5 from 20 candidates, C(20,5) = 15,504 possible committees can be formed.

Card Games

Poker hand probabilities rely on combinations. A standard deck has C(52,5) = 2,598,960 possible 5-card hands.

Handshake Problems

If n people shake hands with everyone exactly once, the total number of handshakes is C(n,2) = n(n-1)/2.

Important Properties of Combinations

Symmetry Property

Symmetry

$$C(n, k) = C(n, n-k)$$

Choosing k items to include is equivalent to choosing (n-k) items to exclude.

Pascal's Identity

$$C(n, k) = C(n-1, k-1) + C(n-1, k)$$

This recursive relationship is why Pascal's Triangle works - each number is the sum of the two above it.

Sum of Row

Row Sum

$$\sum_{k=0}^{n} C(n, k) = 2^n$$

The sum of all combinations in row n equals 2^n, representing all possible subsets of an n-element set.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a combination in mathematics?

A combination is a selection of items from a larger set where the order of selection does not matter. It is denoted as C(n,k) or "n choose k", representing the number of ways to choose k items from n items. Unlike permutations, combinations treat {A,B,C} and {C,B,A} as the same selection.

What is the formula for combinations?

The combination formula is C(n,k) = n! / (k! × (n-k)!), where n is the total number of items, k is the number of items to choose, and ! denotes factorial. This formula calculates how many different groups of k items can be selected from n items without considering order.

What is the difference between combinations and permutations?

The key difference is order: in combinations, order does not matter (selecting A,B,C is the same as C,B,A), while in permutations, order matters (ABC and CBA are different arrangements). Combinations count groups, permutations count arrangements.

What is Pascal's Triangle and how does it relate to combinations?

Pascal's Triangle is a triangular array where each number is the sum of the two numbers directly above it. The nth row contains the values C(n,0), C(n,1), ..., C(n,n). This provides a visual way to find combination values without calculation.

What are real-world applications of combinations?

Combinations have many practical applications: calculating lottery odds, counting handshakes at a party, determining poker hand probabilities, selecting team members from a group, and solving problems in probability, statistics, and computer science.

Related Calculators

Permutation Calculator - Calculate P(n,r) when order matters
Factorial Calculator - Calculate n! for any number
Binomial Distribution Calculator - Calculate binomial probabilities
nCr Calculator - Another notation for combinations

Reference this content, page, or tool as:

"Combination Calculator" at https://MiniWebtool.com/combination-calculator/ from MiniWebtool, https://MiniWebtool.com/

by miniwebtool team. Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Developer API available: Run this tool from your app, automation, or agent with one JSON HTTP request. View API docs

Chat with your favorite AI

Gemini (copy & open)

For Gemini, paste the copied question into the chat. You can also copy it below.

View the question

Help me understand MiniWebtool's Combination Calculator: https://miniwebtool.com/combination-calculator/. What can I use it for, what inputs or settings do I need, and how do I use it and understand the output? Walk me through one simple example. Use this page as your source and answer in English.

Combination Calculator

Combination Formula

Step-by-Step Solution

Real-World Applications

About Combination Calculator

At a Glance

What is a Combination?

The Combination Formula

Combinations vs Permutations

Pascal's Triangle

How to Use This Calculator

Real-World Applications

Lottery and Gambling

Probability and Statistics

Team Selection

Card Games

Handshake Problems

Important Properties of Combinations

Symmetry Property

Pascal's Identity

Sum of Row

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a combination in mathematics?

What is the formula for combinations?

What is the difference between combinations and permutations?

What is Pascal's Triangle and how does it relate to combinations?

What are real-world applications of combinations?

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